Ibyiza byo gusaba hamwe nisesengura rya safiro muri Rigid Endoscopes

Imbonerahamwe

1.Ibintu Byiza Byibikoresho bya safiro: Urufatiro rwo gukora cyane Rigid Endoscopes

2.Ubuhanga bushya bwo gutwikira tekinoroji: Kugera ku buringanire bwiza hagati yimikorere myiza n'umutekano wa Clinical

3.Gutunganya ibintu hamwe no gutwikira ibintu: Kwemeza Endoscope Kwizerwa no Guhoraho

4.Ibyiza byuzuye hejuru yikirahure cya optique: Impamvu safiro ari amahitamo yohejuru

5.Kwemeza kwa Clinical hamwe nubwihindurize bw'ejo hazaza: Kuva mubikorwa bifatika kugeza kumipaka yikoranabuhanga

Safiro (Al₂O₃), ifite ubukana bwa Mohs bwa 9 (icya kabiri nyuma ya diyama), coefficente yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe (5.3 × 10⁻⁶ / K), hamwe n'ubusembure bwavukanye, ifite imiterere ihamye cyane ya fiziki na chimique hamwe n'ibiranga urumuri rwinshi (0.15-5.5 mm). Gushyigikirwa niyi mico myiza, safiro yemewe cyane mumyaka yashize kugirango ikore ibikoresho bya optique murwego rwohejuru rukomeye rwa endoskopi, cyane cyane idirishya ririnda cyangwa inteko zifite intego.

I. Ibyiza Byiza bya safiro nkibikoresho bya Rigid Endoscopes

Mubikorwa bya biomedical medicine, safiro ikoreshwa kenshi nkibikoresho byibanze byibikoresho bya optique muri end-end end end end end end end end end end end end end end end end end end end end end Gukomera kwayo gukabije no kwambara birwanya cyane kugabanya ibyago byo guterwa hejuru mugihe cyo guhura na tissue, birinda gukuramo ingirangingo ziterwa no kwambara lens, kandi bikarwanya guterana igihe kirekire kubikoresho byo kubaga (urugero, imbaraga, imikasi), bityo bikongerera igihe cya serivisi ya endoskopi.

Safiro yerekana biocompatibilité nziza; ni ibikoresho bitagira cytotoxique bifite ubuso bworoshye cyane (kugera ku gipimo cya Ra ≤ 0.5 nm nyuma yo gusya), bigabanya guhuza ingirabuzimafatizo hamwe n’ingaruka zo kwandura nyuma yo kubagwa. Ibi bituma byoroha gukurikiza ISO 10993 ibikoresho byubuvuzi biocompatibilité. Kuba idasanzwe irwanya ubushyuhe n’umuvuduko mwinshi, biterwa na coefficient nkeya yo kwagura ubushyuhe (5.3 × 10⁻⁶ / K), ituma ishobora kwihanganira inzinguzingo zirenga 1000 z’umuvuduko ukabije w’amazi kuri 134 ° C utabanje guturika cyangwa kwangirika kwimikorere.

Ibintu byiza bya optique biha safiro hamwe nogukwirakwiza kwagutse (0.15-5.5 μ m). Ikwirakwizwa ryayo rirenga 85% mumucyo ugaragara, byemeza amashusho ahagije. Indangantego yo kwangirika cyane (1.76 @ 589 nm) ituma radiyo ntoya ihindagurika, byorohereza igishushanyo mbonera cya endoskopi.

II. Igishushanyo mbonera cya tekinoroji

Muri endoskopi ikaze, gutwikira uruhande rumwe (mubisanzwe bikoreshwa kuruhande rudahuza na tissue) kubice bya safiro ni igishushanyo gishya kiringaniza imikorere n'umutekano.

1.Ibikorwa byiza byo gukora neza kuruhande

• Kurwanya Kurwanya (AR) Igipfukisho:Bishyizwe hejuru yimbere ya lens (uruhande rudahuza tissue), bigabanya kugaragariza (kugaragariza ubuso bumwe <0.2%), byongera itumanaho ryumucyo no gutandukanya amashusho, birinda kwihanganira guhuriza hamwe biturutse kumpande zombi, kandi byoroshya gahunda ya optique yo guhitamo.
• ?Hydrophobic / Kurwanya Ibicu:Irinda kwiyegeranya hejuru yimbere yimbere mugihe cyo kubagwa, ikomeza umurongo ugaragara.

2.Icyambere cyumutekano kuruhande rudashyizwe hamwe (Urupapuro rwitumanaho)

• Kubungabunga Indangagaciro za safiro:Koresha kavukire yoroheje cyane hamwe na chimique itunganijwe hejuru ya safiro, wirinda ingaruka ziterwa no gutwikirwa bitewe nigihe kirekire uhura na tissue cyangwa disinfectant. Kurandura impaka zishobora kubaho zijyanye na biocompatibilité zijyanye nibikoresho byo gutwikira (urugero, okiside yicyuma) hamwe nuduce twabantu.
• Uburyo bworoshye bwo gufata neza:Uruhande rudatwikiriwe neza rushobora guhura na disinfectant zikomeye nka alcool na hydrogen peroxide ititaye ku kwangirika kwangirika.

III. Ibipimo byingenzi bya tekinike yo gutunganya ibice bya safiro no gutwikira

1.Sapphire Substrate Ibisabwa Gutunganya

• Uburinganire bwa Geometrike: Kwihanganira diameter ≤ ± 0.01 mm (diameter isanzwe kuri miniature rigid endoscopes ni mm 3-5 mm).
• Uburinganire <λ / 8 (λ = 632.8 nm), Inguni ya <0.1 °.
• Ubwiza bwubuso: Ubukonje Ra ≤ 1 nm hejuru yumubiri kugirango wirinde mikorobe itera kwangirika.

2.Ibipimo byuburyo bumwe

• Gufata neza: Gutsindira ISO 2409 ikizamini cyambukiranya (Icyiciro cya 0, nta gukuramo).
• Kurwanya Kurwanya: Nyuma ya 1000 yumuvuduko ukabije wokuzunguruka, impinduka zigaragaza ubuso butwikiriye ni <0.1%.
• Igishushanyo mbonera gikora: Igikoresho cyo kurwanya-kugaragariza kigomba gupfukirana uburebure bwa metero 400-900 nm, hamwe no kohereza hejuru> 99.5%.

IV. Isesengura ryagereranijwe hamwe nibikoresho birushanwe (urugero, Ikirahure cyiza)

Imbonerahamwe ikurikira iragereranya ibintu byingenzi bya safiro nikirahure cya optique (nka BK7):

V. Ibitekerezo bya Clinical hamwe nubuyobozi bwiza

1.Ibisubizo bifatika

• Isuzuma ryo kubaga:Sapphire ikomeye endoskopi igabanya cyane lens yibintu byabaye mububiko bwa laparoskopi, bigabanya igihe cyo gukora. Ubuso budahuye burinda neza mucosal gufatira muri ENT endoscope.
• Igiciro cyo Kubungabunga:Igipimo cyo gusana endoskopi ya safi yagabanutseho hafi 40%, nubwo ibiciro byamasoko byambere ari highe.

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2.Icyerekezo cya Optimisiyoneri

• ?Ikoranabuhanga rya Coating:Kurenga AR hamwe no kurwanya anti-static kuruhande rudahuza kugirango ugabanye ivumbi.
• Gutunganya safiro idasanzwe:Gutezimbere amabuye ya safiro aringaniye cyangwa agoramye kugirango ahuze na diameter ntoya ya endoskopi (<2 mm).

Umwanzuro

Safiro yahindutse ibikoresho byibanze bya endoskopi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru bitewe nuburinganire bwuzuye bwubukomere, ibinyabuzima, nibikorwa byiza. Igishushanyo mbonera cyuruhande rumwe rukoresha ibifuniko kugirango byongere imikorere myiza mugihe urinze umutekano kavukire wubuso. Ubu buryo bwerekanye ko ari igisubizo cyizewe gikenewe kwa muganga. Mugihe ibiciro byo gutunganya safiro bigabanuka, kwakirwa mumurima wa endoskopi biteganijwe ko bizagenda byiyongera, bigatuma ibikoresho byo kubaga byibasirwa byoroheje bigana kumutekano muke no kuramba.