Intangiriro
Ahumekewe nitsinzi ryumuzunguruko wa elegitoronike (EICs), urwego rwumuzunguruko wa fotonike (PICs) rwagiye rutera imbere kuva rwashingwa mu 1969. Icyakora, bitandukanye na EIC, guteza imbere urubuga rusange rushobora gushyigikira porogaramu zitandukanye zifotora bikomeje kuba ingorabahizi. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza Lithium Niobate igaragara kuri tekinoroji ya Insulator (LNOI), ikaba yarahindutse igisubizo cyiza kubisekuruza bizaza.
Kuzamuka kw'ikoranabuhanga rya LNOI
Litiyumu niobate (LN) imaze igihe kinini izwi nkibikoresho byingenzi byo gukoresha amafoto. Gusa, hamwe no kuza kwa firime yoroheje LNOI hamwe nubuhanga buhanitse bwo guhimba bifite ubushobozi bwuzuye bwarafunguwe. Abashakashatsi berekanye neza ultra-low-loss-ridge waveguides na ultra-high-Q microresonator kuri platifomu ya LNOI [1], ibyo bikaba byerekana gusimbuka gukomeye muma fotonike.
Inyungu zingenzi zikoranabuhanga rya LNOI
- Igihombo kinini cyane(munsi ya 0.01 dB / cm)
- Imiterere-yohejuru ya nanofotonike
- Inkunga yuburyo butandukanye butari bwiza
- Guhuza amashanyarazi-optique (EO) guhuza
Inzira zidafite umurongo kuri LNOI
Imiterere-yimikorere ya nanofotonike yahimbwe kumurongo wa LNOI ituma habaho kumenya inzira zingenzi zidafite umurongo wa optique hamwe nibikorwa bitangaje hamwe nimbaraga nke za pompe. Inzira yerekanwe zirimo:
- Igisekuru cya kabiri cya Harmonic (SHG)
- Igisekuru Cyinshi (SFG)
- Itandukaniro Ryinshi Itandukaniro (DFG)
- Parametric Hasi-Guhindura (PDC)
- Kuvanga Imirongo ine (FWM)
Gahunda zinyuranye zihuza gahunda zashyizwe mubikorwa kugirango tunonosore izi nzira, zishyiraho LNOI nkibikoresho byinshi cyane bidafite umurongo wa optique.
Ibikoresho bya Electro-Optically Bihuza Ibikoresho Byinjijwe
Ikoranabuhanga rya LNOI ryanashoboje iterambere ryurwego runini rwibikoresho bya fotonike bikora kandi byoroshye, nka:
- Modulator yihuta cyane
- Isubiramo ryimikorere myinshi PICs
- Umuyoboro uhoraho
- Amasoko ya Micro-optome
Ibi bikoresho bifashisha imiterere ya EO ya lithium niobate kugirango igere ku buryo bwihuse, bwihuse bwihuse bwibimenyetso byurumuri.
Porogaramu Ifatika ya LNOI Photonics
LNOI ishingiye kuri PIC ubu irimo gukoreshwa muburyo bwiyongera mubikorwa bifatika, harimo:
- Microwave-kuri-optique ihindura
- Ibyuma bifata amajwi
- Kuri chip
- Amashanyarazi meza
- Sisitemu y'itumanaho igezweho
Izi porogaramu zerekana ubushobozi bwa LNOI kugirango ihuze imikorere yibice byinshi-optique, mugihe itanga ibisubizo binini, bitanga ingufu binyuze mubihimbano bya fotolitografiya.
Ibibazo byubu hamwe nicyerekezo kizaza
Nubwo iterambere ryizewe, tekinoroji ya LNOI ihura nimbogamizi zitandukanye:
a) Kongera Kugabanya Igihombo Cyiza
Igihombo cyubu (0.01 dB / cm) kiracyari gahunda yubunini burenze igipimo cyo kwinjiza ibintu. Iterambere muburyo bwa ion-gukata hamwe na nanofabrica birakenewe kugirango ugabanye ububobere bwubuso hamwe nubusembwa bujyanye no kwinjizwa.
b) Kunoza Waveguide Igenzura rya Geometrie
Gushoboza sub-700 nm umurongo woguhuza hamwe na sub-2 μm guhuza icyuho utitaye kubisubiramo cyangwa kongera igihombo cyogukwirakwiza ningirakamaro muburyo bwo kwishyira hamwe.
c) Kongera imbaraga zo guhuza
Mugihe fibre ya fibre hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura ibintu bifasha kugera kubikorwa byo guhuza byinshi, impuzu zirwanya-kugaragariza zirashobora kurushaho kugabanya imiterere-yimiterere yikirere.
d) Iterambere ryibikoresho bito bito
Polarisiyasi-itumva ibyuma bifotora kuri LNOI ni ngombwa, bisaba ibice bihuye nimikorere yubusa-umwanya wa polarizeri.
e) Kwinjiza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki
Kwinjiza neza muburyo bunini bwo kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bitatesheje agaciro imikorere ya optique nicyerekezo cyingenzi cyubushakashatsi.
f) Iterambere ryicyiciro cya mbere cyo guhuza no gukwirakwiza ibikoresho
Imiterere yizewe yerekana ishusho ya sub-micron ningirakamaro kuri optique idafite umurongo ariko ikomeza kuba tekinoroji idakuze kurubuga rwa LNOI.
g) Indishyi zinenge zo guhimba
Ubuhanga bwo kugabanya impinduka zicyiciro ziterwa nimpinduka z ibidukikije cyangwa ibitandukanye nimpimbano nibyingenzi mubikorwa byoherejwe kwisi.
h) Guhuza Multi-Chip nziza
Gukemura neza guhuza hagati ya chipi nyinshi za LNOI birakenewe kugirango bipime kurenga imipaka imwe ya wafer.
Kwishyira hamwe kwa Monolithic yibikorwa bifatika
Ikibazo cyibanze kuri LNOI PICs nigiciro cyogukoresha monolithic ihuza ibikorwa bikora kandi byoroshye nka:
- Lazeri
- Abashakashatsi
- Imirongo idafite umurongo uhindura
- Abayobora
- Multiplexers / Demultiplexers
Ingamba ziriho zirimo:
a) Ion Doping ya LNOI:
Guhitamo doping ya ion ikora mukarere kagenewe irashobora kuganisha kuri chip yumucyo.
b) Guhuza hamwe na Heterogeneous Kwishyira hamwe:
Guhambira ibishushanyo mbonera bya LNOI PIC hamwe na LNOI yuzuye cyangwa lazeri ya III-V itanga ubundi buryo.
c) Hybrid ikora / Passive LNOI Wafer Ihimbano:
Uburyo bushya burimo guhuza ibyuma bya LN byafunzwe kandi bidafunze mbere yo gukata ion, bikavamo wafer ya LNOI hamwe n'uturere dukora kandi tworoshye.
Igishushanyo 1yerekana igitekerezo cya Hybrid ihuriweho ikora / pasiporo PICs, aho inzira imwe ya lithographie ituma habaho guhuza no guhuza ubwoko bwombi bwibigize.
Kwishyira hamwe kwa Photodetector
Kwinjiza Photodetector muri LNOI ishingiye kuri PIC ni iyindi ntambwe yingenzi iganisha kuri sisitemu ikora neza. Uburyo bubiri bwibanze burimo gukorwaho iperereza:
a) Kwishyira hamwe kwa Heterogene:
Semiconductor nanostructures irashobora guhuzwa mugihe gito na LNOI. Ariko, kunoza imikorere yo kumenya no gupima biracyakenewe.
b) Guhindura umurongo utari umurongo:
Imiterere ya LN ituma umurongo uhinduka mugihe cyogukoresha umurongo, bigafasha gukoresha fotodetekeri isanzwe ya silicon hatitawe kuburebure bwumurongo.
Umwanzuro
Iterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga rya LNOI rituma inganda zegereza urubuga rwa PIC rushobora gutanga serivisi zitandukanye. Mugukemura ibibazo bihari no guteza imbere udushya muguhuza monolithic na detector, PICs ishingiye kuri LNOI ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu nkitumanaho, amakuru ya kwant, no kumva.
LNOI ifite isezerano ryo gusohoza icyerekezo kirekire cya PIC nini, ihuza intsinzi n'ingaruka za EICs. Imbaraga zikomeje R&D-nkiziva muri Nanjing Photonics Process Platform na XiaoyaoTech Design Platform-zizagira uruhare runini mugutegura ejo hazaza h’amafoto hamwe no gufungura uburyo bushya murwego rwikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-18-2025