Ibiteganyijwe n'imbogamizi ku bikoresho bya semiconductor byo mu gisekuru cya gatanu

Semiconductors ni inkingi y'ingenzi y'igihe cy'amakuru, aho buri gusimbuka kw'ibikoresho bivugurura imbibi z'ikoranabuhanga rya muntu. Kuva kuri semiconductors zo mu gisekuru cya mbere zishingiye kuri silicon kugeza ku bikoresho by'iki gihe byagutse cyane, buri ntambwe y'impinduka yatumye habaho iterambere rihinduka mu itumanaho, ingufu, no mu mibare. Dusesenguye imiterere n'impinduka mu miterere y'ibikoresho bya semiconductor bihari, dushobora guhanura icyerekezo gishobora kugerwaho na semiconductors zo mu gisekuru cya gatanu mu gihe dusuzuma inzira z'ingenzi z'Ubushinwa muri uru rwego rw'irushanwa.

I. Ibiranga n'Imitekerereze y'Ihindagurika ry'Ibisekuru bine bya Semiconductor

Ibikoresho bya Semiconductors byo mu Gihe cya Mbere: Igihe cya Silicon-Germanium Foundation

Ibiranga: Imashini zikora ibikoresho bya elemental semiconductor nka silicon (Si) na germanium (Ge) zitanga uburyo bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bworoshye kandi bugezweho, nyamara zifite ikibazo cy’icyuho gito (Si: 1.12 eV; Ge: 0.67 eV), zigabanya ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira amashanyarazi n’imikorere ya frequency yo hejuru.
Imikoreshereze: Uduce tw’amashanyarazi duhujwe, utunyangingo tw’izuba, ibikoresho bifite voltage nke/frequency nke.
Umushoferi w'Impinduka: Gushaka imikorere y'ubushyuhe bwinshi/ubushyuhe bwinshi mu by'ikoranabuhanga bya optoelectronics byarushijeho kwiyongera kurusha ubushobozi bwa silikoni.

Ibikoresho bya Semiconductors by'Icyiciro cya Kabiri: Impinduramatwara ya III-V

Ibiranga: Ibigize III-V nka gallium arsenide (GaAs) na indium phosfide (InP) bifite imipaka yagutse (GaAs: 1.42 eV) hamwe n'uburyo bwo kugenda cyane kwa electron mu itumanaho rya RF na fotonike.
Porogaramu: Ibikoresho bya 5G RF, diode za laser, itumanaho rya satelite.
Imbogamizi: Ubuke bw'ibikoresho (ubwinshi bwa indium: 0.001%), ibintu by'uburozi (arsenic), n'ibiciro by'umusaruro biri hejuru.
Umushoferi w'Impinduka: Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu/ingufu ryasabye ibikoresho bifite voltage nyinshi zo kwangirika.

Semiconductors zo mu Gihe cya Gatatu: Impinduka mu Ingufu za Bandgap

Ibiranga: Silicon carbide (SiC) na gallium nitride (GaN) bitanga imipaka >3eV (SiC: 3.2eV; GaN: 3.4eV), bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi n'imiterere ya frequency yo hejuru.
Porogaramu: Imashini zitanga ingufu za EV, inverters za PV, ibikorwa remezo bya 5G.
Ibyiza: Kuzigama ingufu 50%+ no kugabanya ubunini bwazo 70% ugereranije na silikoni.
Umushoferi w'Impinduka: Kubara hakoreshejwe ubuhanga bwa AI/quantum bisaba ibikoresho bifite ibipimo by'imikorere ikabije.

Semiconductors zo mu Gihe cya Kane: Umupaka wa Bandgap wagutse cyane

Ibiranga: Gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) na diyama (C) bigira ubushobozi bwo guhagarara kugeza kuri 4.8eV, bihuza ubushobozi bwo kwirinda cyane hamwe no kwihanganira voltage ya kV.
Porogaramu: Imashini zipima amashanyarazi menshi cyane (Ultra-high-voltage ICs), ibikoresho bipima amashanyarazi yimbitse (deep-UV detectors), itumanaho rya quantum.
Impinduka: Ibikoresho bya Ga₂O₃ bihangana na >8kV, bikuba gatatu imikorere ya SiC.
Ihindagurika ry'Iterambere: Hakenewe intambwe y'imikorere ya Quantum kugira ngo umuntu arenge imipaka y'umubiri.

I. Imiterere y'ibikoresho bya semiconductor by'ikinyejana cya gatanu: Ibikoresho bya Quantum n'imiterere ya 2D

Ibintu bishobora gutera imbere birimo:

1. Utwuma dukingira imiterere y'ubutaka: Gutwara ubuso hakoreshejwe utwuma dukingira imiterere y'ubutaka bituma ikoranabuhanga ritabura igihombo.

2. Ibikoresho bya 2D: Graphene/MoS₂ itanga igisubizo cya THz-frequency hamwe n'uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

3. Uduce twa Quantum na Crystals za Fotonic: Ubuhanga bwa Bandgap butuma habaho guhuza optoelectronic na thermal.

4. Bio-Semiconductors: Ibikoresho byikora bishingiye kuri ADN/poroteyine bihuza ibinyabuzima n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

5. Ibintu by'ingenzi bitera imbaraga: Ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI), uburyo bwo guhuza ubwonko na mudasobwa, n'ibisabwa mu bushyuhe bukabije bw'icyumba.

II. Amahirwe yo gukoresha semiconductor mu Bushinwa: Kuva ku muyoboke kugeza ku muyobozi

1. Iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga
• Itsinda rya 3: Gukora ku bwinshi substrates za SiC za santimetero 8; SiC MOSFET zo mu rwego rw'imodoka mu modoka za BYD
• Itsinda rya 4: Itsinda rya XUPT na CETC46 ryakoze ubushakashatsi bwa epitaxy bwa santimetero 8.

2. Inkunga ya politiki
• Gahunda y'imyaka itanu ya 14 ishyira imbere ibikoresho bya semiconductor byo mu bwoko bwa 3
• Hashyizweho ikigega cy’inganda cy’intara cya miliyari ijana za Yuan

• Ibikoresho bya GaN bya santimetero 6-8 na transistors za Ga₂O₃ biri mu byateye imbere mu ikoranabuhanga mu 2024.

III. Imbogamizi n'ibisubizo by'ingamba

1. Imbogamizi za tekiniki
• Gukura kwa kristu: Umusaruro muke ku mipira minini (urugero, Ga₂O₃ fracture)
• Amahame yo kwizerwa: Kutagira amabwiriza yashyizweho yo gupima gusaza ku buryo buhanitse/bukoresha imbaraga nyinshi

2. Icyuho mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa
• Ibikoresho: <20% by'ibikomoka ku ruganda rw'ibirungo bya SiC
• Kwakira: Gukunda ibice biva mu mahanga

3. Inzira z'ingamba

• Ubufatanye mu nganda n'amashuri makuru: Byifashishijwe mu buryo bwa "Ihuriro ry'Abakozi b'Itsinda rya Gatatu"

• Niche Focus: Shyira imbere itumanaho rya quantum/amasoko mashya y'ingufu

• Guteza imbere impano: Gushyiraho gahunda z'amasomo ya "Chip Science & Engineering"

Kuva kuri silikoni kugeza kuri Ga₂O₃, ubwihindurize bw'ibikoresho bya semiconductor bugaragaza intsinzi y'ikiremwamuntu ku nzitizi zifatika. Amahirwe y'Ubushinwa ari mu kumenya ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa kane mu gihe ari nabyo byabanje guhanga udushya two mu bwoko bwa gatanu. Nk'uko umuhanga mu by'amashuri makuru Yang Deren yabivuze: “Guhanga udushya nyakuri bisaba gukora inzira zitagendwa.” Guhuza politiki, imari n'ikoranabuhanga bizagena iherezo ry'ibikoresho bya semiconductor by'Ubushinwa.

XKH yagaragaye nk'umutanga ibisubizo bihuza imiterere y'ikoranabuhanga, yibanda ku bikoresho bya semiconductor bigezweho mu bisekuru byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga. Ifite ubushobozi bw'ibanze bukubiyemo gukura kwa kristale, gutunganya neza, n'ikoranabuhanga rikora, XKH itanga substrates zikora neza na wafers za epitaxial zo gukoreshwa mu buryo bugezweho mu by'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, itumanaho rya RF, na sisitemu za optoelectronic. Urusobe rwacu rw'inganda rukubiyemo inzira zihariye zo gukora wafers za silicon carbide na gallium nitride za santimetero 4-8 hamwe no kugenzura inenge zikomeye mu nganda, mu gihe ikomeza gahunda z'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere mu bikoresho bishya birimo gallium oxide na diyama semiconductors. Binyuze mu bufatanye n'ibigo bikomeye by'ubushakashatsi n'inganda zikora ibikoresho, XKH yateguye urubuga rworoshye rwo gukora rushobora gushyigikira gukora ibicuruzwa bigezweho no guteza imbere byihariye ibisubizo by'ibikoresho byihariye. Ubuhanga bwa tekiniki bwa XKH bwibanda ku gukemura ibibazo bikomeye by'inganda nko kunoza uburinganire bwa wafer ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi, kunoza imicungire y'ubushyuhe mu bikorwa bya RF, no guteza imbere imiterere mishya y'ibikoresho bya photonic byo mu gisekuru gitaha. Binyuze mu guhuza ubumenyi bw’ibikoresho buhanitse n’ubushobozi bwo gukora neza, XKH ifasha abakiriya gutsinda imbogamizi mu mikorere mu bikorwa bikunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye, ingufu nyinshi, n’ibidukikije bikabije, mu gihe ishyigikira ihinduka ry’inganda za semiconductor zo mu gihugu zigana ku bwigenge bw’uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho.

Ibi bikurikira ni XKH's 12inch sapphire wafer hamwe na 12inch SiC substrate: