Ibikoresho bya lithium tantalate (LTOI) birimo kugaragara nk'imbaraga nshya mu rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rya optique. Muri uyu mwaka, hasohotse imirimo myinshi yo ku rwego rwo hejuru ku byuma bitunganya LTOI, hamwe n'ibikoresho bya LTOI byiza cyane byatanzwe na Porofeseri Xin Ou wo mu Ishuri Rikuru rya Microsystem na Information Technology rya Shanghai, hamwe n'uburyo bwo gushushanya bwakozwe n'itsinda rya Porofeseri Kippenberg muri EPFL, mu Busuwisi. Ubufatanye bwabo bwagaragaje umusaruro utangaje. Byongeye kandi, amatsinda y'ubushakashatsi yo muri Kaminuza ya Zhejiang ayobowe na Porofeseri Liu Liu na Kaminuza ya Harvard iyobowe na Porofeseri Loncar nabo batanze raporo ku byuma bitunganya LTOI byihuta kandi bihamye.
Kubera ko LTOI ifitanye isano rya hafi na lithium niobate (LNOI), igumana imiterere ya lithium niobate yihuta cyane kandi itakaza igihombo gito, ndetse ikanatanga ibyiza nko kugabanuka kw'ibiciro, kugabanuka kwa birefringence, no kugabanuka k'ingaruka za photorefractive. Igereranya ry'imiterere y'ingenzi y'ibikoresho byombi riragaragazwa hano hepfo.
◆ Isano iri hagati ya Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) na Lithium Niobate (LNOI)
①Igipimo cy'ikirahure:2.12 vs 2.21
Ibi bivuze ko ingano y'umuyoboro w'amazi (waveguide) wo mu buryo bumwe, umurambararo wo kugonda, n'ingano zisanzwe z'ibikoresho bidakora hashingiwe ku bikoresho byombi bisa cyane, kandi imikorere yabyo yo guhuza fibre nayo iragereranywa. Iyo habayeho gushushanya neza umuyoboro w'amazi, ibikoresho byombi bishobora kugabanya igihombo cyo gushyiramo<0.1 dB/cm. EPFL ivuga ko hari igihombo cya 5.6 dB/m2 ku murongo w'ingufu z'umuraba.
②Koefficient ya Electro-optique:30.5 pm/V ugereranije na 30.9 pm/V
Ubushobozi bwo guhinduranya ikoranabuhanga buragereranywa kuri ibyo bikoresho byombi, hamwe n’uburyo bwo guhinduranya ikoranabuhanga bushingiye ku ngaruka za Pockels, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo guhinduranya ikoranabuhanga buri hejuru. Kuri ubu, uburyo bwo guhinduranya ikoranabuhanga bwa LTOI bushobora kugera kuri 400G kuri buri murongo, aho uburyo bwo guhinduranya ikoranabuhanga burenze 110 GHz.
③Icyuho:3.93 eV ugereranije na 3.78 eV
Ibikoresho byombi bifite idirishya rinini ribonerana, rishyigikira ibikorwa kuva ku bunini bw'urumuri bugaragara kugeza ku bunini bwa infrared, nta buryo bwo kwinjiza mu migozi y'itumanaho.
④Koefficient ya kabiri idafite umurongo ugororotse (d33):Saa 21 z'ijoro/Umugoroba ugereranije na saa 27 z'ijoro/Umugoroba
Iyo bikoreshejwe mu bikorwa bitari umurongo umwe nko gukora ikoranabuhanga rya kabiri (SHG), gukora ikoranabuhanga ry’impinduka (DFG), cyangwa gukora ikoranabuhanga rya sum-frequency (SFG), ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibikoresho byombi bugomba kuba busa cyane.
◆ Inyungu ku giciro cya LTOI ugereranije na LNOI
①Igiciro gito cyo gutegura Wafer
LNOI isaba ko habaho guteranya ioni ya He kugira ngo itandukanyizwe n’ibyiciro, kandi ifite ubushobozi buke bwo guteranya ioni. Mu buryo bunyuranye, LTOI ikoresha guteranya ioni ya H kugira ngo itandukanyizwe, kimwe na SOI, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukuranya inyito inshuro zirenga 10 kurusha LNOI. Ibi bituma habaho itandukaniro rikomeye ku giciro cya wafers za santimetero 6: $300 ugereranyije na $2000, igabanuka rya 85%.
②Isanzwe ikoreshwa cyane ku isoko ry'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga ku bacuruzi b'amajwi(Amamashini 750.000 buri mwaka, akoreshwa na Samsung, Apple, Sony, n'ibindi).
◆ Ibyiza by'imikorere ya LTOI ugereranije na LNOI
①Ubusembwa buke bw'ibikoresho, ingaruka mbi zo gufotora, gutuza kurushaho
Mu ntangiriro, modulators za LNOI zakunze kugaragaza ko bias point drift, ahanini bitewe no kwikubira kwa charge guterwa n'inenge ziri ku murongo wa waveguide. Iyo bitavuwe, ibi bikoresho byashoboraga gufata umunsi umwe kugira ngo bibe bihagaze neza. Ariko, hakozwe uburyo butandukanye bwo gukemura iki kibazo, nko gukoresha metal oxide cladding, substrate polarization, na annealing, bituma iki kibazo gikemuka cyane ubu.
Mu buryo bunyuranye, LTOI ifite inenge nke mu bikoresho, bigatuma ibintu bigabanuka cyane. Nubwo nta gutunganya byiyongereyeho, aho ikora hagumaho neza. Ibisubizo nk'ibyo byatangajwe na EPFL, Harvard, na Kaminuza ya Zhejiang. Ariko, kugereranya akenshi bikoresha modulators za LNOI zitavuwe, bishobora kuba bitabereye rwose; mu gutunganya, imikorere y'ibikoresho byombi ishobora kuba isa. Itandukaniro rikomeye riri muri LTOI isaba intambwe nke zo gutunganya.
②Birefringence yo hasi: 0.004 vs 0.07
Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa lithium niobate (LNOI) bushobora kugorana rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane ko imiyoboro y'amazi ishobora gutera uburyo bwo guhuza no guhuza uburyo. Muri LNOI nto, imiyoboro y'amazi ishobora guhindura urumuri rwa TE mu rumuri rwa TM, bigatuma habaho gukora ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bitagenda neza, nk'amafiltre.
Hamwe na LTOI, birefringence yo hasi ikuraho iki kibazo, bishobora koroshya gukora ibikoresho bitagira ingufu nyinshi. EPFL nayo yatanze ibisubizo bifatika, ikoresheje birefringence yo hasi ya LTOI no kutagira mode-crossing kugira ngo igere ku gukora electro-optic frequency comb generation ultra-wide-spectrum hamwe no kugenzura gukwirakwiza mu buryo butambitse mu bwoko bwa spectral range. Ibi byatumye habaho bandwidth itangaje ya 450 nm comb lines zirenga 2000, nini inshuro nyinshi ugereranyije n'izishobora kugerwaho na lithium niobate. Ugereranyije na Kerr optical frequency combs, electro-optic combs itanga inyungu yo kuba nta iherezo kandi ihamye, nubwo isaba microwave ifite imbaraga nyinshi.
③Igipimo cyo hejuru cy'ibyangiritse by'amaso
Igipimo cy’ibyangiritse by’urumuri rwa LTOI kiri hejuru y’inshuro ebyiri z’icya LNOI, bitanga inyungu mu bikorwa bitari umurongo umwe (ndetse n’ibikorwa bishobora kuzakorwa mu gihe kizaza bya Coherent Perfect Absorption (CPO). Ingufu z’amashanyarazi za module y’urumuri ziriho ubu ntabwo zishobora kwangiza lithium niobate.
④Ingaruka nke za Raman
Ibi kandi bireba no gukoresha ibintu bitari umurongo umwe. Lithium niobate ifite ingaruka zikomeye za Raman, muri Kerr optical frequency comb applications zishobora gutuma habaho urumuri rwa Raman rudakenewe no guhangana, bikabuza x-cut lithium niobate optical frequency combs kugera kuri soliton state. Hamwe na LTOI, ingaruka za Raman zishobora gukumirwa binyuze mu gushushanya kristale, bigatuma x-cut LTOI igera ku gukora soliton optical frequency comb. Ibi bituma monolithic ihuza soliton optical frequency combs hamwe na modulators yihuta cyane, ikintu kidashoboka kuri LNOI.
◆ Kuki Thin-Film Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) itavuzwe mbere?
Lithium tantalate ifite ubushyuhe buri hasi bwa Curie ugereranyije na lithium niobate (610°C ugereranije na 1157°C). Mbere y'uko ikoranabuhanga rya heterointegration (XOI) ritera imbere, modulators za lithium niobate zakorwaga hakoreshejwe titanium diffusion, bisaba gushyuha cyane ku bushyuhe burenze 1000°C, bigatuma LTOI idakwiye. Ariko, kubera impinduka iriho muri iki gihe mu gukoresha substrates za insulator na waveguide etching kugira ngo modulators zikore, ubushyuhe bwa Curie bwa 610°C burahagije cyane.
◆ Ese Thin-Film Lithium Tantalate (LTOI) izasimbura Thin-Film Lithium Niobate (TFLN)?
Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi buriho ubu, LTOI itanga inyungu mu mikorere idahinduka, ihamye, n'ikiguzi kinini cyo gukora, nta mbogamizi zigaragara. Ariko, LTOI ntirenga lithium niobate mu mikorere ya modulation, kandi ibibazo byo kudahinduka kuri LNOI bifite ibisubizo bizwi. Ku bijyanye na module za DR zo mu itumanaho, hari icyifuzo gito cy'ibice bidahinduka (kandi silicon nitride ishobora gukoreshwa bibaye ngombwa). Byongeye kandi, hakenewe ishoramari rishya kugira ngo hongerwe inzira zo gushushanya ku rwego rwa wafer, tekiniki za heterointegration, no gusuzuma kwizerwa (ingorane zo gushushanya lithium niobate ntabwo ari wo waveguide ahubwo ni ukugera ku rwego rwa wafer rutanga umusaruro mwinshi). Kubwibyo, kugira ngo ihangane n'umwanya washyizweho na lithium niobate, LTOI ishobora gukenera kuvumbura izindi nyungu. Ariko, mu rwego rw'ubushakashatsi, LTOI itanga ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukora ubushakashatsi kuri sisitemu za on-chip zihujwe, nka octave-spanning electro-optic combs, PPLT, soliton na AWG wavelength division devices, na array modulators.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-08-2024