Kuva kuri Silicone kugeza kuri Silicone Carbide: Uburyo ibikoresho bishyushya cyane birimo gusobanura neza uburyo Chip ipakiye

Silikoni imaze igihe kinini ari inkingi y'ikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor. Ariko, uko ubucucike bwa transistor bwiyongera ndetse na poroseseri zigezweho na modules z'ingufu zigatanga ubucucike bw'ingufu bukabije, ibikoresho bishingiye kuri silikoni bihura n'imbogamizi zikomeye mu micungire y'ubushyuhe no kudahungabana kwa mekanike.

Karubide ya silikoni(SiC), semiconductor ifite icyuho kinini, itanga ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi no gukomera kwa mekanike, mu gihe ikomeza gutuza mu gihe ikora mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Iyi nkuru irasuzuma uburyo ihinduka kuva kuri silicon kugera kuri SiC rihindura imiterere y’udupfunyika tw’ibyuma, rigatera imbere filozofiya nshya zo gushushanya no kunoza imikorere y’urwego rwa sisitemu.

1. Uburyo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe: Gukemura ikibazo cyo gutakaza ubushyuhe

Imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye mu gupakira chips ni ugukuraho ubushyuhe vuba. Poroseri zikora neza n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bishobora gutanga watts amagana kugeza ku bihumbi mu gace gato. Hatabayeho gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe neza, havuka ibibazo byinshi:

• Ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'aho ibyuma bihurira bugabanya igihe cyo kubaho

• Ihindagurika ry'imiterere y'amashanyarazi, ribangamira imikorere idahindagurika

• Kwiyongera kw'imitsi, bigatuma ipaki icika cyangwa igasenyuka

Silikoni ifite ubushyuhe bugera kuri 150 W/m·K, mu gihe SiC ishobora kugera kuri 370–490 W/m·K, bitewe n'icyerekezo cya kristu n'ubwiza bw'ibikoresho. Iri tandukaniro rikomeye rituma ipaki ishingiye kuri SiC ikora:

• Koroshya ubushyuhe vuba kandi mu buryo bumwe

• Ubushyuhe buri hasi mu ihuriro ry'imiturire

• Gabanya kwishingikiriza ku bisubizo binini byo gukonjesha byo hanze

2. Gukomera mu by'ikoranabuhanga: Urufunguzo rwihishe rwo kwizera ipaki

Uretse kwita ku bushyuhe, uduce twa chips tugomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe, imbaraga za mekanike, n'imitwaro y'imiterere. SiC itanga ibyiza byinshi ugereranyije na silikoni:

• Modulus ya Higher Young: SiC ikomeye inshuro 2-3 kurusha silicon, irwanya kunama no guhindagurika

• Ingano nto y'ubushyuhe (CTE): Guhuza neza n'ibikoresho byo gupfunyika bigabanya umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe

• Ubushyuhe n'ubukonje bikabije: Bikomeza ubuziranenge mu gihe cy'ubukonje, ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibintu

Iyi miterere igira uruhare mu buryo butaziguye mu kwizerwa no gutanga umusaruro mu gihe kirekire, cyane cyane mu gupfunyikamo ibikoresho bifite imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa byinshi.

3. Impinduka mu miterere y'ibishushanyo mbonera by'ibipfunyika

Gupfunyika hakoreshejwe silicon gakondo bishingiye cyane ku micungire y'ubushyuhe bwo hanze, nk'ibikoresho byo gushyushya, amasahani akonje, cyangwa gukonjesha, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo "gucunga ubushyuhe butagira ingaruka". Gukoresha SiC bihindura cyane ubu buryo:

• Gucunga ubushyuhe: Iyi paki ubwayo iba inzira y'ubushyuhe ikora neza cyane

• Inkunga ku bucucike bw'ingufu nyinshi: Udupira dushobora gushyirwa hamwe cyangwa tugashyirwa hamwe nta kurenga urugero rw'ubushyuhe

• Koroshya cyane guhuza sisitemu: Guhuza ama-chip menshi n'ibindi bitandukanye birashoboka hatabayeho kwangiza imikorere y'ubushyuhe

Muri make, SiC si "ibikoresho byiza gusa" - ifasha injeniyeri kongera gutekereza ku miterere ya chip, imiyoboro ihuza porogaramu, n'imiterere y'ibikoresho.

4. Ingaruka ku guhuza ibintu bitandukanye

Sisitemu za semiconductor zigezweho zigenda zihuza ibikoresho bya logic, ingufu, RF, ndetse n'ibikoresho bya fotoni mu ipaki imwe. Buri gice gifite ibisabwa bitandukanye by'ubushyuhe n'ubukanishi. Substrates na interposers bishingiye kuri SiC bitanga urubuga ruhuza rushyigikira ubwo busumbane:

• Ubushyuhe bwinshi butuma ubushyuhe bukwirakwira mu bikoresho byinshi

• Uburimbane bwa mekanike butuma ipaki ikora neza munsi y'imiterere igoye yo gutondeka no mu buryo buhanitse

• Kuba SiC ikorana neza n'ibikoresho bifite umuvuduko munini bituma ikoreshwa mu gukoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu mikorere ya mudasobwa.

5. Ibigomba kwitabwaho mu nganda

Nubwo SiC itanga imiterere myiza y’ibikoresho, ubukana bwayo n’ubudahangarwa bwayo mu bya shimi bitera imbogamizi zidasanzwe mu nganda:

• Gutunganya ifu ya wafer no kuyitunganya: Bisaba gusya no kuyisukura neza kugira ngo hirindwe ko yangirika cyangwa yangirika.

• Binyuze mu gushushanya no gushushanya: Ibice by'inyuma bikunze gusaba uburyo bwo gushushanya hakoreshejwe laser cyangwa ubuhanga buhanitse bwo gushushanya byumye.

• Guhuza ibyuma n'imiyoboro: Gufatana kw'amashanyarazi kwizerwa n'inzira z'amashanyarazi zidakomerera cyane bisaba urwego rwihariye rw'inzitizi

• Igenzura n'igenzura ry'umusaruro: Ubukomere bwinshi bw'ibikoresho n'ingano nini ya wafer byongera ingaruka z'ubusembwa buto ndetse n'ubusa.

Gukemura neza izi mbogamizi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ubone inyungu zose za SiC mu gupakira neza.

Umwanzuro

Impinduka kuva kuri silicon kugera kuri silicon carbide igaragaza ibirenze kuvugurura ibikoresho gusa—bihindura imiterere y’uburyo bwose bwo gupakira chip. Mu gushyira hamwe imiterere myiza y’ubushyuhe n’imikorere ya mekanike mu buryo butaziguye muri substrate cyangwa interposer, SiC ituma ingufu nyinshi ziyongera, irushaho kuba nziza, kandi ikagira ubworoherane bwinshi mu miterere y’urwego rwa sisitemu.

Mu gihe ibikoresho bya semiconductor bikomeje kugabanya imipaka y'imikorere, ibikoresho bishingiye kuri SiC si ibintu byongera ubushobozi gusa—ni ibintu by'ingenzi bifasha ikoranabuhanga ryo gupakira mu gihe kizaza.